Sources and original illustrations

Primary references and the limits of this educational collection.

Primary references

• National Park Service: What to bring camping — Shelter capacity, bedding and the different equipment needs of frontcountry and backcountry camping.
• Cascade Designs: Matching a tent footprint — Model-specific footprint compatibility, abrasion protection and why footprint dimensions matter.
• Cascade Designs: Reducing tent condensation — Moisture sources and the role of designed tent ventilation.
• Therm-a-Rest: EN/ISO sleeping-bag ratings — The difference between comfort, limit and extreme reference ratings and individual variation.
• Cascade Designs: Sleeping-bag fit — Bag length, shape and movement considerations.
• Cascade Designs: Fill power — Fill power describes down loft and does not replace a complete sleeping-bag rating.
• Cascade Designs: Sleeping-pad R-value — Thermal resistance and comparisons among pads tested on a common basis.
• ASTM: F3340 camping-mattress standard overview — The public overview of a comparative thermal-resistance test and its real-world limitations; no paid standard reproduced.
• MSR: PocketRocket 2 owner instructions — An example of model-specific stove, fuel, cookware and windscreen restrictions; not universal operating instructions.
• CDC: Water treatment for hiking, camping and travel — Water-treatment methods address different hazards and require appropriate product instructions.
• Yosemite National Park: Allowed food-storage containers — An example of a destination-specific allowed-container list, rather than a universal bear-storage rule.
• Petzl: Brightness and burn-time trade-offs — Lighting output and runtime must be interpreted together.
• Cascade Designs: Tent cleaning and drying — Model-family care instructions, moisture and storage limitations.
• Cascade Designs: Avoiding sleeping-pad punctures — Careful surface choice and protection from sharp objects and pets.
• Rocky Mountain National Park: Wilderness planning checklist — A destination-specific example of an overnight equipment system and changing seasonal needs.
• Denali National Park: Gear checklist — The interaction of a loaded backpack, food storage, shelter, water and navigation in one particular park.
• National Park Service: Cooking in camp — Meal planning, food organization and campsite cleanup; destination rules take priority.
• Cascade Designs: Filter integrity after damage — Model-specific integrity checks after freezing or impact and the need for the exact owner manual.

Original visual material

The diagrams in this edition are original SVG illustrations explaining the sequence or decisions in each guide. They do not show a laboratory experiment, a personal trip or a tested product result. No photographs from the linked sources are reproduced.

Check the source in context

References were consulted during preparation of this edition. A source may cover a broader or narrower question than a particular guide; the support notes above explain why it is listed. Read the original for methodology, exceptions and updates.